Sagittal or vertical fractures of the mandibular condyle and chip fractures of the medial part of the condylar head are rarely. He had a transient fishtail deformity of the trochlear groove after open reduction and internal fixation. We herein report a case of medial condyle fracture kilfoyle type iii in an 11yearold boy. Pdf current concepts in the mandibular condyle fracture. This case report describes a periprosthetic fracture of the medial femoral condyle that occurred during an oukr. Type b fractures are subclassified based on the involved condyle. Case report arthroscopic microfracture technique for cartilage damage to the lateral condyle of the tibia hiroyuki kan, yuji arai, shuji nakagawa, hiroaki inoue, ginjiro minami. Arthroscopic management of a posterior femoral condyle hoffa fracture. Ct scan showing iohc arrow xray of a 7 wk old pup showing the two parts of the humeral condyle. After discussing the radiographic findings with a radiologist, the physical therapist ordered magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed a focal indentation of the anterior portion of the medial femoral condyle with adjacent bone marrow edema that was consistent with an impaction fracture of the medial femoral condyle. Medial femoral condyle fracture as an intraoperative.
Condylar fracture an overview sciencedirect topics. Condyle definition of condyle by medical dictionary. After operation, the fracture of femoral condyle healed well and the function of knee joint recovered gradually. Pdf fractures of the medial humeral condyle in adults. The treatment is completely functional for both unilateral and bilateral condylar fractures. Clemmons fracture of the lateral condyle of the tibia can be and often is a cause of marked permanent disability, because in the more severe injuries, which so frequently occur, there is comminution of the articular cartilage with dissolution of the spongy bone below, together with tearing. There are basically two causes of condylar fracturesdirect violence and indirect violence. Incidence and patterns of mandibular condyle fractures. Because the contact area of the antihacking gear and bones is increased a plurality times than the contact area of the. A fishtail deformity is one of the wellknown complications following pediatric lateral condyle or supracondylar fractures of the humerus. Lateral humeral condyle fracture radiology reference. Condylar fractures are complicated by their intimate relationship with the temporomandibular joint tmj.
The results were evaluated from functional and cosmetic aspects. The treatment of condylar fractures international journal. Comminuted fracture associated with zygomatic arch fractures 15. Beyond dispute, fractures of the mandibular condylar process are considered to be most frequent among the different fracture locations of the mandible, with incidences reported between 17. They are associated with higher complications than other elbow fractures, thus it. The condyle shears off the intercondylar area through the supratrochlear foramen and the lateral supracondylar ridge. Lateral condyle fractures pediatric orthopaedic society. Pdf the incidence of condylar fractures is high, but the management of fractures of the mandibular condyle continues to be. Lateral condyle fractures are the second most common elbow fracture after the supracondylar humerus fracture in children. The treatment of condylar process fractures has generated a great deal of discussion and controversy in oral and maxillofacial trauma and there are many different methods to treat this injury. The aims of this study were i to highlight the rarity of this injury, ii to focus on the problems in management of cases.
Fractures of the medial condyle of humerus are uncommon in adults. Open fractures, pelvic fractures, pilon fractures in adults and intraarticular distal tibia fractures in children, detecting compartment syndrome, splinting of lower limb long bone fractures, wholebody ct, access to the skills required for the management of people with complex fractures. Arthroscopic microfracture technique for cartilage damage. Condylar fractures in children are especially important because of the risk of a. While it appears that many condylar fractures can be managed nonsurgically, recognition of cases that require surgical intervention and selection of an appropriate procedure are paramount to. The surgical treatment of fractures of the lateral tibial. In our patient, the impact force from the fall was directed to the medial side of the.
Lateral humeral condyle fractures are usually simply termed lateral condyle fractures. Condylar process fractures radiology reference article. Type c fractures also may have condylar fracture lines in the coronal plane. Imf may be required for a period of 7 to 10 days in case of extreme pain. Ccbyncnd, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. However, different systems of classification of these fractures make any comparison of treatment results. Fractures of the lateral humeral condyle capitulum occur as abnormal compressive forces are directed upward through the radius. Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement oukr is associated with a low perioperative complication rate. Conservative approach to unilateral condylar fracture in a growing. They are a completely different entity to a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture where the ossification center is avulsed epidemiology.
Surgical technique for closed reduction and percutaneous. Medial condyle fracture kilfoyle type iii of the distal. Fracture of the lateral femoral condyle journal of. The milch type i could be considered as a variant of the salterharris type iv physeal injury, while the milch type ii fracture is equivalent to a salterharris type ii physeal fracture. Management of condylar fractures remains a source of ongoing controversy. This age group is more likely to develop ankylosis due to the condylar fracture. Mandible condyle fracture consolidation by neurophysiological alignment of the segments, four months after unsuccessful surgery. The mandibular condyle is a region that plays a key role in the opening and closing of the mouth, and because fracture causes functional and aesthetic problems such as facial asymmetry, it is very. Pdf the mandibular condyle is a region that plays a key role in the opening and closing. This fracture pattern is typically through the lateral metaphysis extending into the epiphysis and often extends into the articular surface. When this part of the bone is cracked from impact or twisting, a condyle fracture has occurred. Approximately 1116% of all facial fractures and 3040% of all.
What are the different treatments for a condyle fracture. The resulting fracture can be in the form of a lateral condylar two piece or bi condylar y three piece fracture. Condylar fractures mandible fractures endoscopic fracture repair key points there is a role for both open and closed reduction in the treatment of condylar fractures. Treatment protocol for different types of condylar fracture. Occipital condyle fracture ocf can be difficult to diagnose, since plain radiographs of the skull and cervical spine often fail to reveal any abnormality. Tibial plateau fractures orthopaedic trauma association. Direct url citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the html and pdf versions of this article on the journals website.
Afterwards, the fracture had healed, and 3 months postoperatively, there was a full range of motion. In addition, a fracture of the medial condyle is rarer with the lateral condyle involved three times as often as the medial condyle in reports of. Incidence and patterns of mandibular condylar fractures. Intracapsular fractures of the mandibular condyle and fractures in the high portion of its condylar. Suture anchor system is mostly used to repair rotator cuff and patellar. Surgical management of lateral humeral condylar fractures. Condylar process fracture is one of the most common mandibular fractures. Download pdf killys fractures of the mandible dencyclopedia.
A femoral condyle fracture has the potential to be a severe injury that could lead to multiple complications and comorbidities. Keywords femur medial condyle fracture nonunion retrograde intramedullary nail introduction unicondylar fractures of the femur are uncommon and accounts for 0. Most condylar fractures are a result of blunt trauma to the anterior mandible. The patient was treated with a nonweightbearing long leg cast for 6 weeks. Retrograde intramedullary nailing for the treatment of. Revised from preceding variations to reflect present day exercise, this e book outlines the concepts of treating fractures of the mandible, and is meant for students and wellknown practitioners. Delayed management of fracture of the lateral humeral condyle in children kuldip singh dhillon, subir sengupta and bhupinder jeet singh2 frt ynine displaced fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in children were followed for an average of 5 25 years. Several factors are associated with the higher incidence of lateral versus medial condylar fractures. Delayed management of fracture of the lateral humeral. Management of lateral humeral condylar mass fractures in. Ramaiah university of applied sciences 15 rowe and killeys classification 1968 a. Condylar process fractures are fractures of the condylar process of the mandible. Occasionally, despite a condylar fracture the child will be able to hold projection, symmetry, and occlusion in the mandible without difficulty.
Diagnosis and management of occipital condyle fractures. In this report, we describe the diagnosis and management of the three patients in our series and make general recommendations regarding the management of patients sustaining this rare injury. Pdf quality of life after open versus closed treatment. This can happen in the elbow, knees, or other joints in the body in which condyles are present. Direct fracture involvement of the joint or prolonged immobilization during treatment can lead to problems with deranged occlusion, internal derangement. Use of two lag screws for orif of mandibular condylar sagittal. There is a subclassification into deep, medium and high condylar process fractures. Using a thoughtful approach with an understanding of the pros and cons of each treatment option, applied individually to each patient fracture, leads to the best longterm out. However, the overlap of structures may impair a proper interpretation of images 2. Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle iohc in dogs. The utility model discloses a condylar fracture reduction forceps, which comprises a point type reduction forceps, and is characterized in that 29mm positions of two tip ends of the point type reduction forceps are respectively added with a rugbyshaped antihacking gear.
Condylar and subcondylar fractures constitute 2640% of all mandible fractures see the image below. For each type of condylar fracture, the techniques must be. The condylar process of the mandible is involved in around 30% of all mandibular fractures condylar fractures are classified according to the location of the fracture and the direction displacement of the condyle. A femoral condyle fracture is a potentially serious bone. Impaction fracture of the medial femoral condyle journal. A condyle is a rounded part of a bone that is usually located within a joint, and that articulates in conjunction with another bone. Conventional radiographs are routinely used for the examination of this site. Pdf overview of mandibular condyle fracture researchgate. Coronal plane partial articular fractures ie, hoffa are designated as type b3. Interpretation of mandibular condyle fractures using 2d. Fractures of the condylar head are referred to as intraarticular or diacapitular fractures. Lateral condyle fracture of the distal humerus is the second most common paediatric elbow fracture after supracondylar humeral fractures 1.